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The most commonly used putty powder is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Advantages of HPMC: strong water retention, stable thickening effect, good alkali resistance (suitable for cement-based putty), moderate film-forming properties, balancing workability and curing performance, making it the mainstream choice.

Water Retention and Thickening to Prevent Rapid Drying

After application, putty needs to adhere tightly to the substrate (wall), and the cementitious materials (such as cement and gypsum) require water to complete the hydration reaction. The hydrophilic groups (hydroxyl groups, ether bonds) in the cellulose molecular chain can adsorb a large amount of water, forming a "moisture protective film," slowing down the penetration of water into the substrate (such as dry walls) and the rate of evaporation into the air, preventing the putty from cracking, blistering, and powdering due to rapid drying.

Simultaneously, cellulose forms a three-dimensional network structure in water, increasing the viscosity (consistency) of the putty slurry, preventing "sagging" during construction (especially on vertical surfaces) due to excessive thinness.

Improved Workability (Workability, Plasticity)

Cellulose imparts good "thixotropic properties" to the putty: when standing, the slurry has a high consistency (not easily sedimenting or separating); during construction, mixing, or application (under shear force), the consistency decreases (easy to spread); after application, the shear force disappears, and the slurry quickly recovers its consistency, ensuring a uniform putty layer thickness and reducing "stickiness" or "collapse." For putty applied by hand scraping or machine spraying, suitable cellulose can make the putty easier to apply and smooth on the wall, reducing scraper resistance and improving construction efficiency.

Enhanced Bond Strength and Crack Resistance

During the putty hardening process, cellulose molecular chains form a thin film, filling the gaps between filler particles and enhancing the "bridging effect" within the putty. This improves the adhesion between the putty layer and the substrate (reducing peeling), while also reducing the shrinkage rate of the hardened putty, minimizing micro-cracks.

For gypsum-based putty, cellulose can also alleviate the volume expansion caused by excessively rapid hydration of gypsum, preventing cracking.

Stabilizes the system and prevents stratification and sedimentation

After the putty powder is mixed with water, the thickening effect of cellulose stabilizes the suspended state of solid particles (heavy calcium carbonate, cement, etc.) in the paste, preventing the "thin on top, thick on bottom" or filler sedimentation that occurs during standing. This ensures uniform putty composition and a smooth surface after application.

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